As a common medication, finasteride tablets have important applications in the medical field, mainly in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern hair loss. The following will provide a detailed introduction to its efficacy and usage guide.
I. Efficacy
(1) Regulating Prostate Function
Finasteride tablets belong to the class of 5α – reductase inhibitors. They can precisely inhibit type II 5α – reductase, blocking the conversion process of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a key hormone that stimulates the growth and proliferation of prostate cells. By reducing the production of DHT, finasteride promotes the atrophy of prostate epithelial cells at the root, thus reducing the volume of the prostate and effectively alleviating the symptoms of BPH.
(2) Alleviating Dysuria
When BPH occurs, the prostate compresses the urethra, causing a series of lower urinary tract symptoms such as dysuria. Finasteride tablets reduce the volume of the prostate, alleviating the pressure on the urethra. Consequently, they effectively relieve symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, incomplete urination, and nocturia, significantly improving the patient’s micturition function and quality of life.
(3) Promoting Hair Growth
In patients with male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia), the activity of 5α – reductase in the scalp hair follicles is relatively high. This enzyme converts testosterone into DHT, which causes the miniaturization of hair follicles, making the hair gradually thinner, softer, and eventually leading to hair loss. Finasteride inhibits 5α – reductase, reducing the production of DHT. It can reverse the process of hair follicle miniaturization, extend the anagen (growth phase) of hair, shorten the telogen (resting phase), thus slowing down the hair loss process, promoting hair regrowth, and increasing hair density and thickness.
(4) Preventing Prostate – related Diseases
Since finasteride can reduce the level of DHT in the prostate, long – term use can inhibit the proliferation of prostate epithelial cells, thereby reducing the risk of prostate cancer, especially with a more significant preventive effect on low – grade prostate cancer.
II. Usage Guide
(1) Dosage and Administration
For the treatment of BPH: The recommended dosage is generally 5mg once a day. It can be taken on an empty stomach or with food. The treatment duration is usually long. It may take more than 3 months of continuous use to see obvious effects. The specific treatment course should be determined by a doctor according to the patient’s condition and treatment response.
For the treatment of male pattern hair loss: The commonly used dosage is 1mg once a day. It generally requires continuous use for more than 3 months to observe obvious improvement in hair. It is recommended to continue taking the medication for 6 to 12 months for better efficacy. Some patients may need to take it long – term to maintain the effect.
(2) Precautions
Adverse Reactions: There may be adverse reactions such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, ejaculation abnormalities, breast tenderness, and enlargement. These symptoms usually gradually recover after stopping the drug. In addition, very few patients may experience mental symptoms such as low mood and depression.
Contraindicated Populations: Women and children are prohibited from using it. Because finasteride may have an adverse impact on the development of the male reproductive organs of the fetus, pregnant women or women who may become pregnant should also avoid contact with crushed or broken finasteride tablets. People who are allergic to finasteride are prohibited from using it.
Drug Interactions: There may be interactions when used in combination with other drugs. For example, when used in combination with cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors (such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, etc.), it may increase the blood concentration of finasteride; when used in combination with anticoagulants such as warfarin, it may affect the anticoagulant effect. If other drugs need to be used simultaneously, inform the doctor to assess the risk of drug interactions.
Regular Monitoring: During the treatment with finasteride tablets, regular prostate – specific antigen (PSA) tests, liver function tests, etc. should be carried out to detect possible adverse reactions and evaluate the treatment effect in a timely manner. For patients with BPH, regular digital rectal examinations and other tests should also be carried out to monitor changes in the size and texture of the prostate.
In conclusion, finasteride tablets are an effective drug for the treatment of BPH and male pattern hair loss. However, it must be used strictly in accordance with medical advice. Pay attention to observing adverse reactions and conduct regular examinations to ensure the safe and effective use of the drug. During the use process, if you have any questions or discomfort, communicate with the doctor in a timely manner. Do not adjust the dosage or stop the drug on your own.